除了...以外: except / in addition to

One structure, two opposite meanings

Exclusion: except (with 都)

With 都 (dōu) in the rest of the sentence, 除了...以外 excludes: "except X, all...".

除了 X (以外)，... 都 ...

Except Xiao Wang, everyone came.

With 还 or 也 in the rest of the sentence, the structure adds instead of excluding: "in addition to X, also...".

除了 X (以外)，... 还/也 ...

In addition to Chinese, he also speaks French.

In addition to running, I also like swimming.

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